Internal combustion engine



July l2, 1932. M. J. B. BARBAROU 1,866,873

INTERNAL coNBUs'xIoN ENGINE Filed Dec. 2l. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July12, 1932. M. J. B. BARBAROU INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 2l,1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTH PAM May.

ldatenteol .l'uly l2, 1932 PATENT OFFICE MARIUS JEAN-BAPTISTE BARBAROU,F PARIS, FRANCE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Application led December 21,1929, Serial No. 415,768, and in France February 2, 1929.

The present invention relates to improvements in internal combustionengines or the like, and more particularly to internal combustionengines whose cylinders are made in two parts, that is a cylinder properor barrel made of steel, and a cylinder head made oit' a light metalsuch as aluminium, duralumin,

ctc.

The invention has for its object to secure a strong connection betweenthe cylinder and cylinder head and a light and inexpensive constructionof the cooling jackets.

An important feature of the engineaccording to the invention resides inthat each l5 cylinder, which is screwed in a known manner into itscylinder head, is maintained therein by a lock-nut or threaded ringscrewed on the cylinder or cylinder head and having a tapered or likefit upon said cylinder head, or cylinder, respectively, said ring heiligmade of a metal having the same coeflicient of expansion as the cylinderproper.

According to another feature of the invention, the outer wall of thejacket of each cylinder is termed into several parts adapted for a readymounting and inexpensive construction.

Other features of the invention will be specified in the followingdescription. In the accompanying drawings, which is given solely by wayof example:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a pair of adjacent cylinders of anengine according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3--3 of Fig. l.

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail view of Fig. 2, showing a modifiedconstruction.

In the construction herein represented, l denotes the cylinders, and 2the cylinder head made of a light metal or alloy, such as aluminium orduralumin. The cylinders 1 are screwed into said cylinder head in theknown manner, the latter being preliminarily heated, whereby the metalof the cylinder head fits under tension upon the cylinder, thusproviding a more or less tight joint between the cylinder and cylinderhead, preventing the exit of gas from the cylinder. According to theinvention, the connection is strengthened by a lock nut or threaded ring3 screwed upon the cylinder and in contact with the cylinder head upon atapered surface of contact 4 for example. The rino' 3 is made o a metalhaving the same coefficient of expansion as the metal oit the cylinderl, and, hence, av smaller expansion than the cylinder head. Hence, whenthe engine is running, the joint between the cylinder and the cylinderhead will remain properly fluid tight, since the cylinder 0o head isprevented from freely expanding by said ring 3.

ln order to secure the cylinders to the crank-case, each cylinder isprovided with a flanged nut 5 which is screwed to the cylinder Il 1 andengages a shoulder 6 formed upon the outer wall thereof. To nut 5 issecured the cooling jacket for the engine. Said jacket comprises aslightly corrugated sheet metal envelope 7, soldered or welded to nut 5,as shown at 8. Said envelope 7 is provided at the top with a flange 9,secured thereto by soldering or welding, and which engages a rubber ringor like packing member 10 disposed in a groove (Fig. 4) formed in a mem-76 ber 11 attached to the cylinder head 2. The position of flange 9 uponthe envelope 7 is so determined that the joint will be tightened by thepressure of the yielding envelope 7; hence the thermal expansion will betaken up 00 by the elasticity of said envelope.

The mounting of a single cylinder is effected in the following manner:

The cylinder l is screwed into the cylinder head, and clamped by ring 3.Member l1 is 85 then bolted to the cylinder head. The envelope 7,provided with it-s flange 9, is secured to nut 5, and the latter isscrewed to the body 1 until it engages shoulder 6, whereupon the packingmember 10 is compressed; as the rubber is practically incompressible,the elasticity of the envelope 7 will take up the pressure. Iii' needvbe, nut 5 may be soldered or welded to the cylinder 1, as shown at 12,to g5 strengthen the assembly.

In the case of two adjacent cylinders, as shown in the drawings, the nut5 of the cylinder which is irst to be mounted, is provided with athicker part 13, recessed at 14 to allow 100 the nut 5 of the secondcylinder to be screwed by the marienal portion of an adjacent r.

in lace.

,this construction the envelope of the jacket for the circulation of thecooling fluid, ma consist of thin sheet metal which is still lig terthan a cast aluminium envelope (necessarily thicker) moreover theconstruction of complicated castings is hereby eliminated, the apparatusis altogether leakless.

In the construction shown in Fig. 4, the threaded ring 3a has a taperedscrew thread, coacting -With the tapered lower part of the cylinderhead, and a tapered smooth surface coacting with a tapered shoulder ofthe cylinder; as before, the arrangement is made leakless by the factthat the ring, when in operation, has a less expansion than the cylinderhead.

Obviousl the invention is not limited to the form o construction hereindescribed by way of example, and the construction indicated for twocylinders can be employed for engines comprising a. greater number of.cylinders.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cyl\` inder head, a cylinderscrewed therein and`\ a locking member screwed on one of these parts andhaving smooth parts engaging the other part, said member surroundingportions of both said cylinder and said cylinder head and having asmaller coefficient of expansion than said cylinder head.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cyll inder head, an intermediatemember detachably secured to said cylinder head, a cylinder fastened tosaid cylinder head, an axially yielding jacket, means for securing oneend of the latter to the cylinder, and ackl ing means between theopposite end o said jacket and said intermediate member, so arranged asto be tightened between the latter and said jacket by the elasticpressure of said jacket.

3. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein, saidjacket consists of an undulated sheet metal cylinder.

4. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein saidsecuring means consist of a flanged member whose flange is adapted to beattached to the crankcase, said member being screwed on said cylinderand secured to said jacket and being adapted to engage a shoulder onsaid cylinder.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a crankcase, a cylinder head, aplurality of cylinders screwed into said cylinder head, and flangedmembers respectively screwed on said cylinders and adapted forconnection with the crankcase, some of said flanged members having alateral thicker portion formed with a recess adapted to be engagedflanged mem In testimony whereof I have signed my name to thisspecification.

MARIUS JEAN-BAPTISTE BARIAROU.

